Accidentally used fabric softener on workout clothes. Wash Workout Clothes Together. Accidentally used fabric softener on workout clothes

 
 Wash Workout Clothes TogetherAccidentally used fabric softener on workout clothes What is fabric softener? In short, it’s a product that contains lubricating ingredients that coat your fabrics’ fibers

The fabric will become saturated with water, which will cause the colors to fade. The detergent is the cleaning solution in the washing cycle, whereas the fabric softener is simply the lubricant and the product that provides that fresh scent. 1. ”. Because static in the dryer is caused by too many loose electrons giving clothing atoms a negative charge, all dryer sheets have to do is balance the electrons with ions, particles with a positive charge. Fabric softeners and detergents look similar, but they’re formulas for the best results for different purposes. ago. After the clothes have been washed by the laundry detergent, mix some softener manually during the finishing rinse cycle. Downy Rinse & Refresh is a new fabric rinse that addresses the source of these odors by removing odor-causing residue instead of just masking them! Downy Rinse & Refresh was made with sensitive skin in mind with no dyes or heavy perfumes. If the stain has not lifted, consider using fabric bleach that has been. Using more than two teaspoons—yes, two teaspoons—of HE detergent will leave. In the long run, this can damage your clothes, washing machine, and dryer. Add a half cup of white vinegar to your wash. The Spruce /. The advantage of using fabric softener is that it reduces pilling, stretching, and pulling of clothing. Use an odor-eliminating detergent. One of the best ways to prevent accidentally using fabric softener on your workout. Caring for your Thinx period underwear is a breeze: make sure to wash 'em before your first wear and with the rest of your laundry after each use. It’s a common misconception, but fabric softener should never really be used on down-filled materials. Your dingy clothing; 1/2 cup of Vinegar; Handful of Salt; Normal Laundry Detergent; Step 1. , Luxtreme, Nulu, etc. Sure, you want soft, fluffy towels, but when used on the wrong material, it can ruin the fiber's absorbency. $13 at AmazonYou might have noticed on some tags, especially with performance clothing, they specifically say NOT to use fabric softeners. Avoid using fabric softener. Why? We tell you why it’s better not to use any fabric softener when washing your sportswear! No fabric softener. Jump to Review. Just mix together vinegar and water (use a 2:1 ratio) and let your clothes soak in it. If you've ever tried washing clothing (especially heavy fabrics like denim or cotton) without any kind of fabric treatment, you know the results: stiff jeans, scratchy T-shirts, and towels no one wants to snuggle in. ” I think the takeaway is that fabric softener is designed to absorb/infuse into the fabric to provide the desired effect. Adding Detergent Last. The vinegar aids in cleaning and softening the clothes by removing residue and extra soap. This happens because softeners coat fibers with a. 1. Properly disposing of fabric softener is a crucial step in ensuring environmentally responsible waste management. Fabric softener sheets can sometimes stain clothes if they are left on the fabric for a long period of time. It depends on several factors such as the type of fabric softener used, the length of time the product was left on the garment, the temperature of the water used to wash the garment, the type of wash cycle or cycle time used, and the amount of agitation during the wash cycle. Charlie's Soap has a high percentage of sodium carbonate and is claimed to remove washing machine residue. Add 1/4 box of baking soda to each load of laundry to soften the water. A few drops of body wash. What the current research says. However, fabric softener is a product that is designed to be diluted in water before being applied to clothing. Like your hair, your clothes need a conditioner to soften your fabric. A little goes a long way. 5. 4. Jump to Review. Katy says. Carson recommended adding 1/4 to 1/2 a cup of vinegar to each load of laundry, or you can pre-soak your towels in it. Combine oil and vinegar in the spray bottle and shake well. I haven’t used fabric softener in a while but our clothes could use a little of it this week. Don’t use too much detergent. Use A Sports Detergent. When wet, keep bright coloured gear away from other fabrics. Adding detergent to the fabric softener dispenser leads to inefficient washing cycles and the potential for skin irritation. To apply, add a capful of conditioner to. If she doesn’t have an allergic reaction it’ll be fine. The main problems with using too much softener include the following. "After treating, you can add white vinegar to the fabric softener dispenser in your washing machine," says Cohoon. Take half a cup of white vinegar. Vinegar can be used to soften linen sheets, tablecloths, towels, and napkins. If you are looking for a quick way to make your workout clothing smell nice, try adding lemon juice to the wash cycle. Use the right detergent—and the. The second way to use white vinegar is to wash clothes in a solution of hot water and a cup of it. Fabric, on the other hand, coats clothes with an oily film that makes them soft to the touch and gives them a distinct scent. Gather some just-washed laundry, either wet or dry. It will eventually screw up your washer and dryer unless they are taken apart and cleaned regularly. A few drops of shampoo. This is most noticeable when the color is close to the fabric’s natural color. Check your clothing tags and use the appropriate settings. Too Much Detergent or Fabric Softener. 9 ml) of white vinegar to the detergent drawer to deodorize your clothes and run the cycle. Shutterstock/Teresa Otto. While traditional liquid fabric softener and dryer sheets should not be used when washing workout clothes, new products, like Downy's Rinse & Refresh, are good alternatives. According to their website, Downy's Fabric Conditioner keeps clothes soft and fresh but also keeps colors from fading and reduces fuzz. Add comment. Both should be hung to dry between uses. To tackle odor. The vinegar helps remove residue and excess soap from your laundry, which can leave your clothes feeling clean and soft. But because the soap will leave at the wrong time, you may need to extend your laundry to. They can go directly into the washing machine—no need to dry first. The best way to use fabric softener is to dissolve one tablespoon of it in 1 cup of water. g. Auto-Dosing Liquid Laundry Detergent Dispenser to cut plastic waste in your laundry room by 60%. Growing up in the states I always used fabric softener and dryer sheets and hated sweat wicking shirts. The Fabric softener container is not empty when the load is. Just don't make any of these 7 laundry detergent mistakes that could cost you. Wait to see the machine spinning out clean water that has minimal soap residue. Everyone loves fresh-smelling laundry. Fabric softener can cause allergies. Laundry Detergent. With WIN Detergent, you can eliminate odor from your workout clothes and help to keep them in top-performing condition! Fabric softeners can be bad for your clothes when used on the wrong. The method requires a bottle or sachet of chlorine bleach, a hand glove, cloth or paper towel, a scrub pad, and a mop. This reduces the movement of sweat through the fabric and prevents the cooling and drying action associated with the fabric. 3. Deep clean your cloths by soaking them in hot water mixed with enzyme laundry booster, then rinsing them out until the water runs clear. Keep activewear away from heaters or direct sunlight when air-drying them. Avoid fabric softener. Fabric softener can clog microfiber and reduce their ability to do their job. Liquid fabric softener or fabric conditioner is added to your washer during the rinse cycle. "Steps. Using vinegar in laundry can be done two different ways. To ensure that all the detergent has been rinsed from your clothing, add an extra rinse cycle. Or, if you prefer, choose a fragrance-free option. You can also boil clothes in water with a few tablespoons of vinegar. This way, heavier fabrics will be less likely to damage lighter ones in the wash. Only add 1-3 cups (depending on the. The fabric softener lubricates these fibers and neutralizes the charge, which ultimately protects your laundry from damage and lends to a softer feel. Removing deodorant from clothes: if you get deodorant on your clothes while dressing, rub it away with a fabric softener. They contain optical brighteners and conditioners that actually coat fabrics to make them “whiter than white” or “snuggly soft”. It is not a big deal if you’ve accidentally used fabric softener in place of detergent. Air dry clothes to reduce static caused by friction of fabrics rubbing together. Downy's parent company is Procter & Gamble, which also owns. Fully submerge your clothes in the mixture and leave to soak. The liquid then starts to break down the fibers and can cause permanent. It’s a good idea to avoid using fabric softener on your moisture-wicking workout clothes. Tyler Z. (Pexels: William Fortunato) Mr Iredale adds that this can be an issue if you have allergies or. I made a mistake the other day and washed some of my moisture wicking running clothes with a liquid fabric softener. Scent boosters give your clothes a stronger, longer-lasting scent after washing, whereas fabric softeners coat fibers to help soften clothes and reduce. 5. Instead of reaching for a fabric softener when washing your gear, add a half cup of white. Sweat X Sport Laundry Detergent. Gently squeeze out extra moisture, but don’t wring. Download Article. 11. It definitely helps. It falls under a certain type of materials called quaternary. But, wax also reduces the fabric's ability. It is often used as an after-laundry. But for cotton towels, the occasional use of fabric softener is more than okay — it's encouraged! Just make sure not to use. To understand its role, it's important to differentiate the functions of laundry detergent and fabric softener. Natural Fibers. Labels often say to use cold or warm water, but washing with hot water works best for removing odor. Here are steps to clean fabric softener out of bleach dispenser. Whatever you do, however, make sure you wash on the highest temp you can and use a. One DIY method uses vinegar as an alternative to store-bought fabric. As a general rule, you do not want to use fabric softener on leggings. Microfiber towels are designed to soak up liquid, but the lubricants in fabric softener can create a. Water-repellent fabric. To soften your clothes, add 1/2-1 cup of vinegar to the softening dispenser or to the final rinse cycle. Grab the top of the clothing with one hand and squeeze the fabric with your other hand. While fabric softener smells clean and delicious, it does not contain most of the key cleaning agents and enzymes that are required to properly eradicate dirt, germs, stains. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Fabric softener is actually your gym clothes' worst enemy. To avoid this, Campbell uses vegan products like The Laundress Fabric. While fabric softener and laundry detergent are often packaged similarly and sold together, they serve different functions. Over time, the colors will completely disappear. Waxy coating on clothes. Fill the dispenser with a solution of detergent and hot water, using enough to submerge the build-up of the fabric softener in the. They usually contain a combination of chemical and natural ingredients and come in containers large enough for up to 240 loads. BUT, after awhile, it left an awful smell, similar to cigarette smoke. Generally, it can take anywhere from one to several washing. Vinegar is a natural cleaning agent that can help remove odors and soften clothes. 1. Following these instructions will help you clean and protect your. Fabric softener companies warn that the products can cause irritation, especially liquid versions, and advise against letting any fabric softener touch your skin or eyes. The result is fewer wrinkles, less static. 2. I will also. Best for Pet Odors Zero Odor Laundry Odor Eliminator. All you need is some fabric softener or hair conditioner. 1. For extra odor-busting power, add 1/2 cup of baking soda to the washing machine when cleaning your workout clothes. Polyester can also be washed by hand. Due to vinegar’s mild acidity, any leftover residue will be stripped away, and your towels will be restored to their optimal fluffiness. But despite the many benefits of fabric softener, when used. Even though you get softer feeling results when using a fabric softener, here are 3 articles that you do not want to use either dryer sheets or fabric softener: Workout clothing: Fabric softeners block the fibers that release sweat and. That way it remains on the clothing after the wash. Similar to flame-resistant clothing, fabric softener could alter the fibers in this material too, according to Forte: "It may impact the ability of the finish to repel. Yes, fabric softener works—depending on the type you use. Then, soak a cloth or rag in the solution and wring out the excess liquid. If you combine this property with a heat source, it can cause a fair bit of shrinking! You can use this technique in two ways. Using Fabric Softener when Washing by Hand. To apply, add a capful of conditioner to. Meyer’s Clean Day Fabric Softener at Amazon. Remember, our workout gear is synthetic so it shouldn’t take long to dry. Like with Like. In fact, towels washed with fabric softener are worse at getting you dry than towels washed without. Best Scented Fabric Softener: Mrs. . 2. It softens. Laundry detergents might have wax or other compounds that wont rinse off of glass easily. And maybe. (Image credit. But, fabric softener will leave a coating on your shorts that will break down the wicking technology that protects your skin and keeps you cool while biking. I put a tiny tiny bit of bleach in with most all of my laundry. Avoid Fabric Softener At All Costs. I wash all my clothes in cold water. Just don't scrub vigorously as you could damage the fabric. Water-resistant materials don't allow moisture to enter them, so washing them is already challenging. Sweat X Sport Laundry Detergent. Using too much fabric softener can cause long-term negative effects to your clothing. You can’t use fabric softener on polyester because the fibers are synthetic and don’t respond well to the chemicals, which can make the fabric feel stiff and scratchy instead of smooth and soft. Noticing these blue stains on your laundry is an indicator that the detergent drawer or fabric softener drawer in your washing machine is being overfilled. One of the best ways to prevent accidentally using fabric softener on your workout. There are fabric softeners on the market that are created with more natural ingredients, and others. Also, on what clothes should you avoid using fabric softener? Microfiber Softener Should Not Be Used With Fabric Softener. 3. At the last. "It can also make fabrics less breathable, which can make them more uncomfortable to wear. . Yes, fabric softener works—depending on the type you use. My question is does anyone know. Read labels. By using a dry sheet or fabric softener when laundering it is adding a layer of film on your workout clothes and inhibit the apparels essential function. Microfiber Towels. Adding a cup of white vinegar to the wash can help to soften the fabric and bring out its color. If you're using dish soap, shampoo or body wash, use your finger to rub the soap into the stain. Fabric softener leaves your clothes feeling soft and smelling good, but when it’s used on stretchy, synthetic workout clothes, it leaves a slick residue that is nearly impossible to remove. This residue then keeps water from penetrating the fabric, meaning your clothes will smell bad even when they’re clean. So, as you wash again and again, your clothes are exposed to bacteria in the water. 124,236 satisfied customers. First, adding the detergent at the wrong stage means. They usually contain a combination of chemical and natural ingredients and come in containers large enough for up to 240 loads. The trade-off might not be a big deal for regular clothing but when it comes to towels and workout clothes, it becomes a real. The ingredients in liquid fabric softeners and dryer sheets apply a thin, waxy coating to all fabrics — thereby reducing the flame resistance of fabrics which have been treated with a flame retardant. Brighten and Whiten Clothes1. 2 c. If you accidentally put fabric softener instead of detergent, there is nothing to worry about. Method 1. Try to avoid products that include ingredients you've had a reaction. In comparison, a detergent cleans and removes odors and stains from washable fabric items. “Hands down, the worst thing you can do is use the dryer,” says Salardino. Just don't make any of these 7 laundry detergent mistakes that could cost you. Allow it to soak for 10 to 15 minutes while you wait. Forums >Gears and Wears> moisture wicking clothes and fabric softeners. Simply dissolve 1/2 cup (120 ml) of baking soda in 2 quarts (2 liters) of warm water before your wash. Many of us own various water-repellent jackets, coats, and puffers. Avoid fabric softener. Roll the clothing in a towel to help suck up water and remove more water. Keep activewear away from heaters or direct sunlight when air-drying them. The waxy residue from fabric softeners will clog the fibers on microfibers and towels, which will make it harder for the fabric to soak up liquid and reduce efficiency. Fabric softener is made of harmful chemicals that can affect your health and comes with a lubricating coating that remains behind. This is true . When I was given some great-smelling fabric softener from the store, I excitedly tried it. Mix bleach and water. If you do accidentally use fabric softener and your towels come out with a gross residue, you can rewash them with vinegar. Nick Blackmer. Submerge the sweaty workout clothes and soak for at least 30 minutes before putting them through a wash cycle. White vinegar may be used to soften linen fabric in a few different ways: - Use vinegar. Stir the fabrics a few times, then let them soak for 2 to 3 minutes. Step 2: Wash With Detergent and Vinegar. The 9 Best Laundry Detergents for Workout Clothes of 2023, Tested and Reviewed. According to their website, Downy's Fabric Conditioner keeps clothes soft and fresh but also keeps colors from fading and reduces fuzz. Washing your clothes using fabric softener may seem like a great way to keep them feeling soft and smelling fresh, but a popular author and TikToker has spelled. It’s typically added during the rinse cycle, after the detergent has been washed away. Gain Ultra Concentrated Liquid Fabric Softener. Pull the cover off of the chlorine bleach dispenser. Place the soaked cloth/rag onto the affected area and let it sit for 10-15 minutes. It’s also important to clean. Regular laundry detergents and fabric softeners are designed to leave behind a residue on your clothes, believe it or not. Never use liquid fabric softener on activewear. After a while, people making this mistake will easily be able to notice bad smells trapped in their clothes. Air dry. For example : how often jeans need to be washed is different from cottons and silk. After leaving the shoes in the boiling water for about 10 minutes, dump the water out and let them cool. To fix the issue, pour two cups of vinegar in your detergent drawer. Add a few drops of a stain remover or you can even use dishwashing liquid or a paste of vinegar and baking soda. Washing soda (sodium carbonate) is a natural de-greaser. By adding the fabric softener during the rinse cycle, the product is left in the fabric to saturate and coat the wet. It’s really a double replacement reaction. Best Unscented Fabric Softener: Seventh Generation Fabric Softener Sheets, Free and Clear at Amazon. It can be used in place of fabric softener. It is a safe-bet to avoid the use of fabric softener on your moisture-wicking workout clothing. Make sure that the hole is completely clear. If laundry detergent does not dissolve completely in water, it will damage the fibers of your clothes. Credit: Downy. Moved to Australia and they don't really use that here. Avoid the mistake of adding fabric softener at the beginning of a wash cycle if your machine does not have a dispenser. Polyester is a man-made fiber that’s created by combining various chemicals and materials. If you're using dish soap, shampoo or body wash, use your finger to rub the soap into the stain. Never had an issue. Always keep an old rag or towel and disinfectant wipes or spray with you for a wipe-down. The water was disgusting. The vinegar will help cut through perfume residue in the fibers. Amazon / 7th Generation / Blueland. But for cotton towels, the occasional use of fabric softener is more than okay — it's encouraged! Just make sure not to use. These coatings seal up tight-knit fabrics, reducing breathability. Regular laundry detergents and fabric softeners are designed to leave behind a residue on your clothes, believe it or not. j. ago. After your clothes are clean, you are left with a coarse fabric. Like your hair, your clothes pick up sweat and dirt throughout the day. Using vinegar alone is enough to soften clothes: Wait until the rinse cycle has finished on the washer. Never use liquid fabric softener on activewear. There is some debate on whether or not to use fabric softeners on towels, but it comes down to their material. Fabric softeners were designed to relax the fibers of the garments and make them feel softer. Advertisement. Start with the detergent because you want to clean the clothes first before adding a fabric softener of your choice. A salesperson assisted me in choosing my size and advised me to wash the pants only with “like materials” or other workout clothes. I might give that a try. Sportswear. Carbonic acid is unstable, and it immediately falls apart into carbon dioxide and water (it’s a. [11] 4. If the tear is longer than the width of the tape, you can overlap multiple pieces of tape to cover. Avoid using fabric softener, bleach, or dryer sheets. But for cotton towels, the occasional use of fabric softener is more than okay — it's encouraged! Just make sure not to use. From ThinkQuest: The acetic acid (that’s what makes vinegar sour) reacts with sodium bicarbonate (a compound that’s in baking soda) to form carbonic acid. Jump to Review. Honestly, they towels can go in with clothes if the pods or detergent is also free and clear. Noticing these blue stains on your laundry is an indicator that the detergent drawer or fabric softener drawer in your washing machine is being overfilled. “They can potentially alter the state of the garment, making it less fluffy and more flat,” notes Balanzat. After that, wash the clothing by hand. Another method is to boil water in a pot and pour it into shoes. Next, add a gentle, unscented laundry detergent and start another wash cycle. Compounds that can cause skin irritation or lead to cancer can have a toxic effect if they are accidentally ingested altogether. However, it works well to keep clothes supple and wrinkle-free. By avoiding fabric softener in your workout clothes wash load you. How to Prevent Using Fabric Softener on Workout Clothes Store laundry products separately. Adding vinegar to your laundry cycles will leave your clothes and towels feeling soft and fluffy again. You can also clean lightly soiled and deeply stained microfiber towels in a washing machine. Be sure to refer to the instructions on the fabric softener container to make sure you are using the correct amount. While fabric softener smells clean and delicious, it does not contain most of the key cleaning agents and enzymes that are required to properly eradicate dirt, germs, stains. Detergent has a different consistency, and its purpose is to clean. After this, get the clothes out of the solution and gently press the water out of the fabric. You do not have to do anything special to manage the fabric softener if that is. Silk is a delicate material that requires special wash techniques, one of which is to skip fabric softener. Download the app . The only sure way to get a liquid detergent out would be to take the machine apart, not too difficult to do if you are mechanically skilled. canoeguide • 5 yr. It definitely helps. Check the tag on your Nike clothing, and you will likely see: “do not use softeners. I googled it and discovered many front-loaders get that smell from a build-up of residue. Why is that?Wash gym clothes in cold water using the delicate or gentle cycle. They actually make your towels come out nice and fluffy. 5. Agitate the cloths by hand, gently squeeze out excess water and hang them to dry. They fluff your clothes as you dry them and the result is softer than fabric softener, has zero chemicals, and creates zero waste. While some people add fabric softener directly to the washing machine drum, others prefer to use the dispenser designed for fabric softener. spray bottle. Most softeners recommend you shake the bottle. 5. Know exactly which chemicals are in the product you're using. #8 – Fabric softeners and dryer sheets should not be used with flame-retardant fabrics (like children’s clothing). How Wool Dryer Balls Work. All you have to do is chuck a couple of wool dryer balls into your dryer, maybe splash a few drop of essential oils. Preventing trash odors: put a used dryer sheet in the bottom of the kitchen garbage pail to keep food odors to a minimum until you take the garbage out. The acid in the vinegar will unlock oils, dirt and bacteria from the fabric of your workout clothing, so your washing machine can do a better job of eliminating all the nastiness. They contain optical brighteners and conditioners that actually coat fabrics to make them “whiter than white” or “snuggly soft”. A lint brush tends to be slightly less effective than an adhesive lint roller for picking up stubborn debris, like pet hair, but it's generally pretty good at minor lint removal, and one lint brush can last for many years. Unless a detergent has an added fabric softener in it, it can’t be used to condition clothing or other fabric items. The sports bras go in the dryer on delicate in their bag and the leggings go on a drying rack. Laundry scent boosters and fabric softeners are not the same thing. If you accidentally put fabric softener into a detergent dispenser, take out any clothing that has already been washed and start over with just detergent – otherwise you may end up with stained or damaged clothes! Ultimately, understanding when and where to use fabric softener is key for achieving great results from your washing machine. When it comes to towels, we also recommend avoiding conditioner since it makes them lose their absorbent properties. Similar to flame-resistant clothing, fabric softener could alter the fibers in this material too, according to Forte: "It may impact the ability of the finish to repel. Fabric softener is also known as a fabric conditioner is a liquid composition that contains conditioning agents, emulsifiers, fragrance, and color that softens the fibers in the fabric and adds fragrance. While it may be tempting to wash or dry workout clothes with fabric softener, don't. Fabric softener is used to soften clothes, reduce static cling, and add a pleasant scent. Sure, you want soft, fluffy towels, but when used on the wrong material, it can ruin the fiber's absorbency. It can coat terry cloth with a waxy, water-resistant film that ruins the very mission of towels. 2. Helen Camacaro/Getty Images What Does Fabric Softener Do? Fabric softener is a conditioner for your clothing, bedding, and anything else you launder. Key Points. Fabric softener can also be used if you’re hand washing your clothes. A fabric softener (American English) or fabric conditioner (British English) is a conditioner that is applied to laundry after it has been washed in a washing machine. Remedy the stiff fabric by washing it with a couple of cups of white vinegar. If you remember only one thing about natural fabrics, it should be that cotton is a terrible fabric for activewear (see sidebar). 1. But we also want. Some of the chemicals used to create these softeners are caustic and can cause itching or burning problems when the products accidentally come into contact with the skin. “It’ll destroy the elastic, which means your bras (and underwear) won. The number of wool dryer balls you add depends upon two things: the size of the load and the quality of wool dryer balls you are using. By Andrea Crowley Published on January 31, 2020 There are many reasons why we reach for the fabric softener come laundry day. . Don’t use fabric softener, which can easily clog the open spaces in the microfiber and make it less effective. Fight Underarm Odor. While fabric softener can lend to a soft, wrinkle-free finish, ongoing usage may negatively impact the feel of your fabrics over time. You can't use regular detergent and should always stay far away from fabric softener. 1. com. com. Dryer sheets were made for an earlier era, when. Fabric softeners are meant to soften fabrics by coating fibers with chemicals. It is bad for workout clothes, towels, baby’s clothes, leggings, and underwear. Shutterstock. Leave them submerged for 20-30 minutes while the solution does its work. Can fabric softener be used as laundry detergent? Unfortunately, the answer to this common question is no. After 30 minutes, take your clothing out of the water to prevent it from getting damaged. The ingredients in fabric conditioner can help combat the pilling, fading and stretching that often occurs as a result of normal wear and tear in the care of your clothes. wash before wear, then after each use. 2. Vinegar contains acetic acid that. The ingredients in fabric softener coat the fibers of the fabric so that abrasion is. Soak the shrunken clothing in the solution for 10–30 minutes.